The center of gravity (CG) of an aircraft is the point over which the aircraft would balance. Its position is calculated after supporting the aircraft on at least two sets of weighing scales or load cells and noting the weight shown on each set of scales or load cells. The center of gravity affects the stability of the aircraft. To ensure the aircraft is safe to fly, the center of gravity must fall within specified limits established by the aircraft manufacturer.
The Operational CG Range is utilized during take off and landing phases of flight and the Permissible CG Range is utilized during ground operations (i.e. while loading the aircraft with passengers, baggage and fuel).
The CG is a three-dimensional point with longitudinal, lateral, and vertical positioning in the aircraft.
*Note
CG limits—the specified forward and aft points within which the CG must be located during flight. These limits are indicated on pertinent aircraft specifications.
CG range—the distance between the forward and aft CG limits indicated on pertinent aircraft specifications.
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