Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) is an automated warning system for air traffic controllers which intended to warn the controller about increased risk ofcontrolled flight into terrain accidents by generating, in a timely manner, an alert of aircraft proximity to terrain or obstacles. In other words, MSAW can be described as an automated warning system for air traffic controllers and alert the pilot if the aircraft is approximately heading to terrain or obstacles that can lead to an accident.
Objective of Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) is to avoid flight into terrain accidents or obstacles by generating alerts to pilots.
Types of MSAW processing:
1)General Terrain Monitoring
2) Approach Path Monitoring
**General Terrain Monitoring
Consists of monitoring the actual position of an aircraft and the predicted position of that aircraft for a look ahead time of 40 seconds, and providing an alert to ATC to avoid the aircraft infringes or collide.
**Approach Path Monitor
Consists of monitoring the actual position of an aircraft and the predicted position of that aircraft for a look ahead time of 15 seconds, for an aircraft on the inbound (final approach) leg of an instrument approach, and providing an alert to ATC to avoid the aircraft infringes or collide.
Sources:
https://www.skybrary.aero/…/Minimum_Safe_Altitude_Warning_(….
https://www.eurocontrol.int/…/ectl-guideline-160-msaw-part-…
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